Radhakrishnan was a key figure in the Indian independence movement and served as a diplomat, educationist, and politician before becoming President. He was a professor of philosophy at several universities in India and abroad, and was also the Vice Chancellor of Andhra University and the University of Delhi.
Radhakrishnan's philosophical thought was based on Advaita Vedanta, and he wrote several books on Indian philosophy and religion, including "The Philosophy of the Upanishads" and "Eastern Religions and Western Thought". He was also a prominent educationist, and played a key role in the reform and expansion of education in India.
In recognition of his contributions to philosophy and education, Radhakrishnan was awarded several honours, including the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, in 1954. September 5, his birthday, is celebrated in India as Teacher's Day in his honor. He died on April 17, 1975.
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