Federalism || Omnath Dubey

Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units, such as states or provinces. In India, federalism is enshrined in the Constitution, which establishes a federal system of government with a central government and state governments.

The Indian Constitution divides powers between the central government and state governments, with certain powers being exclusively given to each. The central government has powers related to defense, foreign policy, currency, communication, and inter-state commerce, while the state governments have powers related to law and order, health, education, and local governance.

However, the Indian Constitution also provides for a system of cooperative federalism, where both the central and state governments work together to ensure the efficient functioning of the government and the welfare of the people. This system of cooperation is particularly evident in areas such as education, agriculture, and environmental protection, where both the central and state governments work together to achieve common goals.

The Constitution also provides for a mechanism for resolving disputes between the central government and the state governments. The Inter-State Council, created by the Constitution, provides for cooperation and coordination between the central and state governments on matters of national importance, while the Supreme Court has the power to adjudicate on disputes between the central government and the state governments.

Federalism in India has played a significant role in promoting regional diversity and ensuring the participation of different regions and communities in the governance of the country. It has also helped in the development of local self-governance, promoting a sense of ownership and responsibility among the people for the development of their regions.