Centralisation and Decentralisation

Centralization and decentralization are two opposite approaches to organizing and managing resources and decision-making within an organization or government.

Centralization refers to a system in which power and decision-making authority are concentrated in a single central authority or organization. This means that all decisions are made by a central authority and there is little or no autonomy for lower-level units or individuals.

Decentralization, on the other hand, refers to a system in which power and decision-making authority are distributed among multiple levels of an organization or government. This means that decision-making is distributed among different levels of the organization, and lower-level units or individuals have more autonomy and decision-making power.

Centralization and decentralization each have their own advantages and disadvantages. Centralization can lead to efficient and decisive decision-making, but it can also stifle innovation and creativity. Decentralization can lead to more innovation and local ownership, but it can also lead to inefficiencies and duplication of effort. The best approach depends on the specific circumstances and goals of the organization or government in question.