Indian Polity

Indian polity refers to the political system and structure of the government of India. India is a federal parliamentary democratic republic, which means that it is a federation of states with a central government, and the people have the power to elect their representatives through regular elections.

The Constitution of India, which was adopted in 1950, is the supreme law of the land and lays out the framework for the government and the rights of citizens. It divides the government into three branches: the executive, the legislative, and the judiciary.

The President of India is the head of state, while the Prime Minister is the head of government and leads the Council of Ministers. The President is elected by the members of an electoral college, while the Prime Minister is appointed by the President.

The legislative branch of the government is made up of two houses: the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States). The Lok Sabha is the lower house and is composed of members directly elected by the people, while the Rajya Sabha is the upper house and is composed of members appointed by the President.

The judiciary is independent and is responsible for interpreting the laws and constitution. The highest court in the country is the Supreme Court, followed by the High Courts and lower courts.

India is a federal union of 29 states and 9 union territories. The states have their own governments and legislative assemblies, while the union territories are governed by the central government through appointed administrators.

Overall the Indian polity is considered one of the largest and complex democracy in the world.