How does Perl handle exception handling and error handling?

Perl provides several ways to handle exceptions and errors.

One way is to use the "eval" statement, which allows you to catch and handle exceptions that occur within a block of code. The "eval" statement takes a block of code as an argument, and if an exception is thrown within that block, it is caught and can be handled. For example:

eval { # code that may throw an exception }; if ($@) { # exception handling code }

Another way is to use the "die" function, which is used to raise an exception and stop the program execution. The "die" function takes a string as an argument, which is the error message that will be displayed. For example:

open(my $fh, "<", "file.txt") or die "Could not open file: $!";

Another way to handle exceptions is by using the try-catch block, which is similar to how it is done in other languages. The Try::Tiny module provides such functionality in Perl.

use Try::Tiny; try { # code that may throw an exception } catch { # exception handling code }

In addition to these, Perl also provides built-in variables like $! and $@ that can be used to check the last error message from the operating system or from the eval statement.

In summary, Perl provides several ways to handle exceptions and errors, including the "eval" statement, the "die" function, and the Try::Tiny module. These methods allow you to catch and handle exceptions in a clean and organized way, making it easier to write robust and error-tolerant code.